In the present-day scenario VoIP is the trending technology that has burst out in today’s tech world. Right from the consumers to business houses that are in operation, are grappling to switch over from the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network).

The technology of VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) makes use of broadband internet connection and allows the users to make voice calls instead of the usual traditional analog phone lines.

The service providers of VoIP allow users to make voice calls using their service, while few of the providers allow to call anyone, be it long-distance calls, local calls and even international numbers.

VoIP service providers work by making use of the user’s computer or even by a special VoIP phone, whereas there are providers that allow use of a traditional phone by connecting it to a VoIP adapter.

Given the flexibility, extensibility and its compatibility with other Internet Protocol (IP) based systems, VoIP has become more adaptable to the modern needs of communications than the previous old traditional telephonic system in the bygone era.

VoIP is one of the most significant tools as it helps in consolidating all the existing communication technologies like audio, video and text-based communications into one combined system. This is of most importance to those organizations as it helps the existing teams by not having to work with multiple applications for communication purposes.

A few benefits of VoIP include:

Cost Cutting

Switching to VoIP saves almost 50% of the monthly communication cost.

Low Maintenance Cost

The providers of VoIP take care of monitoring, upgrading and maintaining the software offsite usually in the cloud. That means the maintenance cost is reduced to a great extent as it works with both desktop and mobile equipment.

High Portability

It is one of the important benefits especially for those teams who work in remote, mobile or even in hybrid settings, due to its operation online.

The users can access the phone systems from any location that has an internet connection spreading across different time zones and locations across the world 24x7.

VoIP works with all types of desktops or mobile devices connected to the internet. It offers Android and iOS apps, softphone connection, and even web browser calling.

Ease Of Scalability

It is easy for the authorized person to add new team members to their existing team without having to wait for an IT.

The new team member can be easily added over an invitation by email and these newly added members can be assigned a brand-new phone number or even a shared one.

Voice Quality

Due to the evolving of HD voice, automatic adjustment of bandwidth, evolution of tier-1 carriers. Over the last ten years, however, VoIP call quality has advanced thanks to HD voice, global points of presence, and partnerships with tier-1 carriers, and automatic bandwidth adjustment.

Present VoIP providers deliver Service Level Agreement (SLA) uptime of 99.9%.

Basics Of VoIP

While making a phone call using a traditional phone, physical equipment is compulsory. Depending upon the factors like traffic, distance and availability adds to the cost of the telephone call made, along with a dedicated channel. The traditional system makes use of copper wires in their telephone lines to send audio.

Whereas in VoIP, the process named “packet-switching” is used, where in the voice data gets transferred and assembled after each conversation at high speed that ensures, there is continuity in call without any breakpoints, thus becoming the most cost-effective way of communication.

VoIP uses codec technology that decides the quality of the audio. It helps in compressing the phone calls made through voice over internet protocol. These codecs make use of open-source algorithms.

A codec takes up the data by encoding it in another form and then decodes it at the receiving point while communicating. These codecs are made of encoder and decoder.

The media file is compressed by the encoder and the decoder decompresses the said file. Many codecs are planned in such a way that it encodes various types of means of communication like audio and video.

Role Of IP addresses In VoIP Communication

In order to make phone calls over the internet the technology called VoIP (Voice over internet protocol) is used. To send the right caller data to the right recipient the VoIP solution requires devices with visible IP addresses.

VoIP Call Components

VoIP technology helps in making telephone calls via the internet rather than the traditional phone line. Voice over internet protocol is cheaper too. A Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) system consists of several components that work together to facilitate voice communication over the internet. Here are the main components of a VoIP system and how they differ from each other:

IP Phones/Softphones 

IP phones are physical devices that look like typical traditional telephones. But they transmit the user’s voice data through the internet.

Whereas softphones are the application software installed on the computers or mobiles that will allow the users to make voice calls via internet connection.

VoIP Gateway

The VoIP gateways convert the voice signals in analog format to digital data packets, which get transferred via the internet. These gateways control the transformation of digital data packets back into analog signals while transferring over traditional phone lines.

The gateway acts as the interfaces between the VoIP networks and traditional phone lines.

VoIP Private Branch Exchange (PBX)

The VoIP PBX is the central system that takes care of the voice transmission within a given organization. It mainly takes care of routing the voice calls, managing extensions. Apart from that it provides various other features like call forwarding, voicemail and even auto-attendant. These PBX systems make use of internet protocol to direct the calls internally.

VoIP Servers

These servers’ handles signaling of calls, routing the call, and various other functions of the communication that works well in a VoIP network. They take care of the maintenance, establishing and terminating the calls.

The servers in the VoIP network take care of the protocols of communication along with data traffic within.

Session Border Controllers (SBCs)

The media streams and the signaling between the VoIP networks are controlled by SBCs, and that ensures secure and dependable communications across various network boundaries. They also provide NAT (network address translation) traversal along with encryption.

SBCs ensures that the communications between various sessions that takes place between different networks in VoIP ensures the compatibility in inter operating along with enhanced security.

Analog Telephone Adapter (ATA)

It is a device that is used to connect the analog telephone, fax machine or same equipment to a system or even a network for enabling communications through the internet.

This adapter lets its users use their existing telephones in the same way as using traditional telephone networks. Here the internet gets flexible and these old existing analog equipment helps in reducing new phone expenses.

Importance of Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) helps voice to travel flawlessly over the internet. Its protocol helps in arranging the real-time video and audio, be it a voice call, video chat or even a conference bridge.

This protocol helps in initiating, maintaining and terminating communication sessions that also include video, voice and various existing messaging applications. It is mainly used in Internet telephony, IP phone systems as well as phoning using a mobile over LTE (VoLTE) (Voice over Long Term Evolution).

It helps in facilitating remote work setup as it makes a geographically secure distribution of communication possible. The employees can make use of the same communication tools used in the office.

Reducing communication barriers is a global venture as it helps the organizations to communicate with their partners across the globe. Whatever be the technology used, SIP helps devices to communicate efficiently and effectively across various platforms seamlessly and effortlessly.

There exists the concept of future proofing as it incorporates new features and various protocols as and when communications are needed. Small business organizations adopt new technologies quickly and this helps them to stay ahead.

VoIP Call Routing

VoIP call routing is almost like a call forwarding, but with a higher rate of configurability and availability. One phone number can be programmed to dial cell numbers of all members in the existing department. The caller connects to the first person who answers the call.

How VoIP Calls Are Broken Down

While speaking over a VoIP phone, the user’s voice signal gets captured and converted to digital format by making use of Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC).

The digital data over the VoIP system gets broken down into smaller data packets, similar to the files usually sent over the internet. These data packets are labeled with common information like who’s calling and receiving the calls. These data packets make use of the internet connection and travel to the VoIP servers.

Based on the recipients number the VoIP provider works like the switchboard and figures out where to send the call using specialized software codecs that compress the data which saves the bandwidth along with ensuring seamless call quality.

At the receiver's end, be it a VoIP device or even a traditional phone or even a mobile device, the data packets received gets reassembled and is converted into analog signal using the converter DAC (Digital to Analog).

At the recipient's end, the voice of the caller is heard through speaker, handset, thus furthering the VoIP conversation.

Conclusion

In common man’s terms VoIP routing makes use of internet broadband connection to make voice calls worldwide. This is done by converting the voice signals from analog to digital. The recipient’s device collects these digital data into analog signals that make the voice call crystal clear to ears.

Due to its cost saving factor, call waiting, call forwarding, and various other benefits VoIP calls are becoming popular.